配置SYSLinux服务程序

aiofo2022-08-15  162

SYSLinux是一个用于提供引导加载的服务程序。与其说SYSLinux是一个服务程序,不如说更需要里面的引导文件,在安装好SYSLinux服务程序软件包后,/usr/share/syslinux目录中会出现很多引导文件。

[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum install syslinux Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package syslinux.x86_64 0:4.05-8.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved

  1. Package Arch Version Repository Size
  2. ================================================================================
  3. Installing:
  4. syslinux x86_64 4.05-8.el7 rhel 1.0 M
  5. Transaction Summary
  6. ================================================================================
  7. Install 1 Package
  8. Total download size: 1.0 M
  9. Installed size: 2.3 M
  10. Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
  11. Downloading packages:
  12. Running transaction check
  13. Running transaction test
  14. Transaction test succeeded
  15. Running transaction
  16. Installing : syslinux-4.05-8.el7.x86_64 1/1
  17. Verifying : syslinux-4.05-8.el7.x86_64 1/1
  18. Installed:
  19. syslinux.x86_64 0:4.05-8.el7
  20. Complete!

我们首先需要把SYSLinux提供的引导文件复制到TFTP服务程序的默认目录中,也就是前文提到的文件pxelinux.0,这样客户端主机就能够顺利地获取到引导文件了。另外在RHEL 7系统光盘镜像中也有一些我们需要调取的引导文件。确认光盘镜像已经被挂载到/media/cdrom目录后,使用复制命令将光盘镜像中自带的一些引导文件也复制到TFTP服务程序的默认目录中。

[root@linuxprobe ~]# cd /var/lib/tftpboot

[root@linuxprobe tftpboot]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 .

[root@linuxprobe tftpboot]# cp /media/cdrom/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} .

[root@linuxprobe tftpboot]# cp /media/cdrom/isolinux/{vesamenu.c32,boot.msg} .

然后在TFTP服务程序的目录中新建pxelinux.cfg目录,虽然该目录的名字带有后缀,但依然也是目录,而非文件!将系统光盘中的开机选项菜单复制到该目录中,并命名为default。这个default文件就是开机时的选项菜单,如图19-4所示。

图19-4 Linux系统的引导菜单界面

[root@linuxprobe tftpboot]# mkdir pxelinux.cfg

[root@linuxprobe tftpboot]# cp /media/cdrom/isolinux/isolinux.cfg pxelinux.cfg/default

默认的开机菜单中有两个选项,要么是安装系统,要么是对安装介质进行检验。既然我们已经确定采用无人值守的方式安装系统,还需要为每台主机手动选择相应的选项,未免与我们的主旨(无人值守安装)相悖。现在我们编辑这个default文件,把第1行的default参数修改为linux,这样系统在开机时就会默认执行那个名称为linux的选项了。对应的linux选项大约在64行,我们将默认的光盘镜像安装方式修改成FTP文件传输方式,并指定好光盘镜像的获取网址以及Kickstart应答文件的获取路径:

[root@linuxprobe tftpboot]# vim pxelinux.cfg/default 1 default linux 2 timeout 600 3 4 display boot.msg 5 6 # Clear the screen when exiting the menu, instead of leaving the menu displa yed. 7 # For vesamenu, this means the graphical background is still displayed witho ut 8 # the menu itself for as long as the screen remains in graphics mode. 9 menu clear 10 menu background splash.png 11 menu title Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0 12 menu vshift 8 13 menu rows 18 14 menu margin 8 15 #menu hidden 16 menu helpmsgrow 15 17 menu tabmsgrow 13 18 19 # Border Area 20 menu color border * #00000000 #00000000 none 21 22 # Selected item 23 menu color sel 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none 24 25 # Title bar 26 menu color title 0 #ff7ba3d0 #00000000 none 27 28 # Press [Tab] message 29 menu color tabmsg 0 #ff3a6496 #00000000 none 30 31 # Unselected menu item 32 menu color unsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none 33 34 # Selected hotkey 35 menu color hotsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none 36 37 # Unselected hotkey 38 menu color hotkey 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none 39 40 # Help text 41 menu color help 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none 42 43 # A scrollbar of some type? Not sure. 44 menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #ff355594 none 45 46 # Timeout msg 47 menu color timeout 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none 48 menu color timeout_msg 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none 49 50 # Command prompt text 51 menu color cmdmark 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none 52 menu color cmdline 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none 53 54 # Do not display the actual menu unless the user presses a key. All that is displayed is a timeout message. 55 56 menu tabmsg Press Tab for full configuration options on menu items. 57 58 menu separator # insert an empty line 59 menu separator # insert an empty line 59 menu separator # insert an empty line 60 61 label linux 62 menu label ^Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0 63 kernel vmlinuz 64 append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=ftp://192.168.10.10 ks=ftp://192.168.10.10/pub/ks.cfg quiet 65 ………………省略部分输出信息………………

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